An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test used to evaluate the electrical activity in the brain. Brain cells communicate with each other through electrical impulses. An EEG can be used to help detect potential problems associated with this activity.
A nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test — also called a nerve conduction study (NCS) — measures how fast an electrical impulse moves through your nerve. NCV can identify nerve damage.
Brain stem evoked response audiometry (BERA) is an effective method of evaluating the auditory pathway from the peripheral endorgan through the brain stem. The authors have found this test to be a valuable
The "gold standard" in the diagnosis of nonepileptic seizures (NESs) is a recording of a typical event during video-EEG monitoring. This procedure is available at all centers specializing in epilepsy and is increasingly available at general hospitals and even...
Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure that evaluates the health condition of muscles and the nerve cells that control them. These nerve cells are known as motor neurons.
Polysomnography, also called a sleep study, is a test used to diagnose sleep disorders. Polysomnography records your brain waves, the oxygen level in your blood, heart rate and breathing, as well as eye and leg movements during the study.
During a nerve or muscle biopsy, a sample of nerve or muscle tissue is surgically removed so it can be studied in a laboratory. The procedure is typically done on an outpatient basis using a local anesthetic, although general anesthesia may be necessary in some cases.
Continuous EEG (CEEG) monitoring allows uninterrupted assessment of cerebral cortical activity with good spatial resolution and excellent temporal resolution.
A visual evoked potential is an evoked potential caused by a visual stimulus, such as an alternating checkerboard pattern on a computer screen. Responses are recorded from electrodes that are placed on the back...
Botulinum toxin injection therapy (also known as "BOTOX therapy" or onabotulinumtoxinA) is used to treat dystonia - neuromuscular disorder that produces involuntary muscle contractions, or spasm - that affects muscles that control movement in the eyes, neck...
Neuromuscular and chest wall disorders are individually uncommon but together form an important group of conditions that can lead to chronic ventilatory failure. This is best recognised in scoliosis, kyphosis, following a thoracoplasty, in muscular dystrophies...